An alcohol is an organic compound with a hydroxyl (OH) functional group on an aliphatic carbon atom. Because OH is the functional group of all alcohols, we often represent alcohols by the general formula ROH, where R is an alkyl group.
What is alcohol functional group?
The functional group of an alcohol is the hydroxyl group, –OH. Unlike the alkyl halides, this group has two reactive covalent bonds, the C–O bond and the O–H bond. The electronegativity of oxygen is substantially greater than that of carbon and hydrogen.
What is the functional formula of alcohol group?
Alcohol molecules all contain the hydroxyl (-OH) functional group. They are a homologous series and have the general formula C nH 2n+ 1OH. Their names all end in -ol.
What are alcohols How are they classified?
Alcohols are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols. The classification is done in accordance to where the carbon atom of an alkyl group is attached to the hydroxyl group. Most of the alcohols are known to be colourless liquids or even are said to behave as solid at room temperatures.
What are called functional groups?
Functional groups are collections of atoms that attach the carbon skeleton of an organic molecule and confer specific properties. Each type of organic molecule has its own specific type of functional group. … Functional groups include: hydroxyl, methyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate, and sulfhydryl.
What do you mean by functional groups?
A functional group is a group of atoms in a molecule with distinctive chemical properties, regardless of the other atoms in the molecule. The atoms in a functional group are linked to each other and to the rest of the molecule by covalent bonds.
What is the name of functional group COOH?
A carboxyl group (COOH) is a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group (C=O) with a hydroxyl group (O-H) attached to the same carbon atom. Carboxyl groups have the formula -C(=O)OH, usually written as -COOH or CO2H.
What is the chemical name of alcohol?
The chemical formula for an aldehyde is RCHO. In this formula, R represents a hydrogen atom or carbon/hydrogen chain, CO represents the carbonyl, and H represents the hydrogen attached to the carbonyl chain.
What is the 3 types of alcohol?
In chemistry, an alcohol exists when a hydroxyl group, a pair of oxygen and hydrogen atoms, replaces the hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon. Alcohols bind with other atoms to create secondary alcohols. These secondary alcohols are the three types of alcohol that humans use every day: methanol, isopropanol, and ethanol.
What is the functional group of aldehyde?
Aldehydes and ketones are organic compounds which incorporate a carbonyl functional group, C=O. The carbon atom of this group has two remaining bonds that may be occupied by hydrogen or alkyl or aryl substituents.
What are the properties of alcohols?
Alcohols are acidic in nature. They react with metals such as sodium, potassium etc. It is due to the polarity of bond between hydrogen atom and oxygen atom of hydroxyl group. Primary alcohols are more acidic than secondary and tertiary alcohols.